Ua lilo ʻo diffusion welding i ʻenehana pōhaku kihi ma nā ʻoihana aerospace, semiconductor, a me nā ʻoihana nuklea ma muli o kona hiki kūʻokoʻa ke hana i nā paʻa metallurgical atomic -level me ka ikaika o ka waiwai makua a me ka hoʻololi ʻole macroscopic. No ka po'e 'enekinia e 'imi ana i nā hā'ina ho'ohui 'oihana ki'eki'e, he 'ike hohonu o kamīkini wiliwili diffusionʻO ka hoʻolālā a me ka synergy paʻakikī o kāna mau kula kino he mea nui ia no ka hōʻoia ʻana i ka paʻa o ke kaʻina hana a me ka hilinaʻi o nā mea.
Hāʻawi kēia alakaʻi i kahi wehewehe ʻenehana o nā ʻōnaehana koʻikoʻi ʻehā e wehewehe ana i nā lako wiliwili diffusion hou.
Pūnaehana Pumehana
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hoʻomehana ka hale mana o ka mīkini welding diffusion, i hana ʻia me ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻano ʻokoʻa a me ka hoʻomalu pono ʻana. Ma muli o ka hilina'i nui o ka hana ho'opa'a 'ana i ka ho'onā wela o nā mana, hiki i nā loli wela li'ili'i ke ho'opā nui i ka diffusion coefficient-i ho'omalu 'ia e ka Arrhenius equation-ma laila e ho'oholo ai i ka maika'i loa o ka pa'a metala ma ka interface.
Nā ʻano hoʻomehana a me ka pololei o ka wela
- I loko o nā lako hana -ʻoihana, ʻo ka hoʻomehana kū'ē ka hopena maʻamau. ʻO kona ʻano kumu maʻamau he mau mea hoʻomehana i hana ʻia mai nā ʻāpana molybdenum, nā uea tungsten, a i ʻole ka graphite maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻonohonoho ʻia kēia mau mea i loko o kahi hoʻonohonoho ʻāpana -nui no ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka wela ʻālohilohi like ʻole i ka mea hana. No ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wela a me ka pale ʻana i nā paia o ke keʻena vacuum, ua pale ʻia kēia mau mea e kahi ʻōnaehana insulation metala me nā papa he nui o ka molybdenum a me nā pale wela kila kila.
- No ka pale ʻana i ka māhā ʻana o ke koʻikoʻi wela a i ʻole ka ʻalapalapala ʻai ma muli o nā ʻanuʻu wela nui, pono nā mīkini hana kiʻekiʻe e mālama i ka pololei o ka wela ma waena o ±1 degere a ±2 degere. No ka ho'okō 'ana i kēia pae mana, pono ka ho'ohui 'ana i nā -pike ki'eki'e platinum-rhodium thermocouple (Type S a i 'ole B) me ka PID pono'ī{6}}algorithm hooponopono.
- Ma o ka ʻenehana hoʻomalu kūʻokoʻa -ʻano he nui, hoʻokaʻawale ka ʻōnaehana i ka umu i loko o nā ʻāpana lokahi like ʻole, me ka hoʻololi ʻana i ka mana o nā Silicon Controlled Rectifiers (SCRs) ma muli o ka-manaʻo ʻike ʻike manawa maoli. Mālama kēia i ka ʻokoʻa o ka wela i loko o ka ʻāpana hana kūpono i loko o kahi ākea ± 5 degere.
Hoʻohālikelike o nā mea hoʻomehana wela maʻamau
| Mea waiwai | Max Hana Hana | Kaiapuni | Nā ʻano ʻenehana a me nā ʻōlelo paipai |
| Molybdenum | 1700 degere | Māmā kiʻekiʻe | Maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe loa; ʻaʻohe mea hoʻohaumia. Manaʻo ʻia no ka wiliwili semiconductor{1}}grade. |
| graphite | 2200 degere | Māmā/Ke kinoea inert | ʻAʻole maikaʻi ka inersia wela a me ke kumu kūʻai -pono, ʻoiai pono e mālama ʻia nā pilikia o ke kalapona no kekahi mau metala. |
| Tungsten | 2800 degere | Māmā -Uila Kiʻekiʻe | He kūpono no ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka wela kiʻekiʻe loa o nā metala refractory e like me Niobium, Tantalum, a me Molybdenum. |
Pūnaehana Hoʻouka Paʻi
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hoʻouka ʻana ʻo ia ke kia koʻikoʻi ʻelua o ka welding diffusion. ʻO kāna hana nui ka lanakila ʻana i nā asperities o ka microscopic surface ma o ka hoʻopili ʻana i kahi ukana waho e hoʻoulu ai i ka deformation plastic localized, e lawe ana i ka spacing atomic ma waena o ka interface i loko o ka laulā o ka interatomic attraction. I loko o ka pōʻaiapili o ka diffusion welding machine structure, ʻo ke kūpaʻa a me ka hoʻonā ʻana o ka mana kaomi e kuhikuhi pololei i ka nui a me ka pololei o ka hui.
Hydraulic vs. Servo Pūnaehana
ʻO nā ʻōnaehana kaomi maʻamau e hahai i ʻelua ala ʻenehana ʻokoʻa: hydraulic a me servo-hoʻouka ʻia.
- Hoʻohana nā ʻōnaehana hydraulic i ka wai hydraulic e hoʻouna i ka mana ma o -hana kiʻekiʻe servo valves. ʻO kā lākou pōmaikaʻi nui aia i ko lākou hiki ke hoʻouka nui, me ka ikaika o ka ʻāpana hoʻokahi ma mua o 100 a 1000 tons.
- Eia nō naʻe, pilikia pinepine nā ʻōnaehana hydraulic i ka linearity maikaʻi ʻole i nā pae haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a hiki i ka hopena o ka hoʻohaumia ʻana i ka wai i loko o ka ʻenekini.
ʻO ka mea ʻē aʻe, hoʻohana nā ʻōnaehana hoʻokele servo i nā ʻenekini servo e hoʻokele i nā wili pōpō pololei, e hāʻawi ana i ka hoʻonā mana a me ka pane ikaika. Hiki i kēia mau ʻōnaehana ke hoʻomau i ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaomi i loko o ± 0.1% FS (Full Scale) a hāʻawi i nā hoʻoholo hoʻoneʻe e like me 0.1μm a 1μm. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia pololei no ka nānā ʻana -manawa maoli a me ka uku ʻana i nā mea kolo ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe.
Hoʻohālikelike ʻenehana: Hydraulic vs. Servo Loading Systems
| ʻIke ʻenehana | Pūnaehana Hydraulic | Pūnaehana hoʻokele ʻia e Servo- | |
| 1 | Paʻi Pono | ʻO ka maʻamau ±1% a ±3% FS | ʻO ka pololei kiʻekiʻe, a hiki i ka ± 0.1% a i ka ± 0.5% FS |
| 2 | Hoʻoholo hoʻoneʻe | Ma kahi o . 0.01mm a 0.1mm | Maikaʻi -nui loa, 0.1μm a i 1μm |
| 3 | Pane hoʻoikaika kino | ʻOi aku ka mālie (maʻamau > 100ms) | Ka wikiwiki (maʻamau <50ms) |
| 4 | Maemae |
ʻO ka pilikia o kaʻailaʻaila; pono e mālama |
ʻAila -ʻole a maʻemaʻe; kūpono no nā kaiapuni vacuum |
| 5 | Nā noi | Nui-'āpana hana kaumaha-kaumaha | ʻO nā mea uila pololei, nā mea lapaʻau, nā pepa lahilahi |
Pūnaehana Mana
'Ōlelo pinepine 'ia 'o ia ka "lolo" o ka mīkini, ho'okele ka 'ōnaehana ho'omalu i nā subsystem a, 'o ka mea nui, ho'onohonoho 'ia nā 'ano ho'ololi 'ehā o ka mahana, ke kaomi, ka māha, a me ka manawa.
Ka Papahana Papahana a me ka Loka Ikepili
Hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia nā hub mana o kēia wā ma ka PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) a i ʻole IPC (Industrial PC), e ʻae ana i nā mea hoʻohana e hoʻonohonoho mua i ka -hoʻonohonoho i nā ʻano hana ʻano paʻakikī me 30 mau ʻāpana. I ka wā e hana ai, hoʻokō ka ʻōnaehana i ke kaʻina ʻoʻoleʻa-mai ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana a me ka hoʻomehana ʻana a hiki i ke kaomi ʻana i ka gradient pressurization, kiʻekiʻe-ʻoluʻolu i ka wela, a me ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana. Pono ka la'ana la'ana o ka li'ili'i o 10Hz no ka ho'opa'a 'ana i ka 'ōnaehana no ka hā'ule koke 'ana o ke kaomi ma muli o ka ho'oluhi 'ia 'ana o nā mea, me ka mālama 'ana i kahi kaiapuni pili pa'a.
No nā ʻoihana me nā koi traceability koʻikoʻi, e like me ka aerospace, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka hana logging data. Ma ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā ʻenekona Linear Variable Differential Transformer, hoʻopaʻa ka ʻōnaehana i ka hoʻoemi ʻana i ka mea hana me ka pololei o ka micron -like (maʻamau ±0.001mm) a hana i nā hōʻike PDF hōʻoiaʻiʻo. Hāʻawi ʻia kēlā me kēia pūʻulu i kahi ID kūʻokoʻa, e hōʻoia ana i kēlā me kēia ʻanuʻu o ke kaʻina hana -mai ka mea maka a hiki i ka mea i hoʻopau ʻia-e hoʻokō me NADCAP a i ʻole ISO 9001 nā kūlana traceability.
Pūnaehana Vacuum and Atmosphere
Hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻōnaehana vacuum a me ka lewa ma ke ʻano he kiaʻi o kahi pilina pili paʻa. No ka mea e pono ai ka hoʻopili ʻana i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana ma ka pālākiō atomika, hiki i ka nui o nā kiʻi ʻoniʻoni oxide a i ʻole nā kinoea adsorbed ke lilo i mea pale i ka neʻe ʻana o ka atomic.
Nā Pae ʻAha a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana
Hōʻike ʻia kahi ʻōnaehana wiliwili maʻamau i ʻekolu- ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe ʻana me ka pauma rotary vane, ka puhi ʻaʻa, a me ka ʻūma -kiʻekiʻe (he pahū diffusion a turbomolecular paha).
Hoʻomaka ke kaʻina hana me ka pauma rotary vane no ka wili, a ukali ʻia e ka Roots blower e hoʻonui i ka wikiwiki o ka paila ʻana ma ka laulā ma waena, a ʻo ka hope loa ka -puma ʻumeke kiʻekiʻe e hiki ai i nā kaomi hope loa ma waena o 5×10⁻³ Pa a me 1×10⁻⁵ Pa. Pa/h.
Eia kekahi, kākoʻo ka ʻōnaehana i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā kinoea -maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (99.999% maʻemaʻe), e like me Argon. Ke lawelawe nei kēia mau kinoea ma ke ʻano he media hoʻoili wela no ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i ke kahua wela a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻoluʻu i nā ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe kinoea kiʻekiʻe (e hana ana ma waena o 2 bar a me 15 bar) no ka hoʻoponopono pono ʻana i ka microstructure a me nā waiwai mechanical o ka hui.
Ka hopena
ʻO ka nānā pono ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana mīkini welding diffusion a me kāna ʻōnaehana hana koʻikoʻi ka hana mua i ke koho ʻana i nā mea pono a me ka hoʻomohala holomua. I ka loiloi ʻana i nā mea hana, pono nā mea ʻenekinia e hoʻokahua i ka like ʻana o ka wela, ka -kaomi puʻupuʻu i pani ʻia, a me ka pono o ka ʻenekini ma muli o nā waiwai kikoʻī a me ka paʻakikī o ke kūkulu ʻana o kā lākou papahana. ʻO ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i kēia mau ʻāpana ke kī i ka loaʻa ʻana o -kiʻekiʻe a hilinaʻi hoʻi i nā mea hoʻopaʻa hoʻopuehu i ka hana holomua.
